Mining 1830 - 1920
W. Griem, 2006 - 2021
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Text: Introduction
Mine schools - foundation
Curriculum
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Intro Mining History
Photo: Library of the Liceo de Hombres in Copiapó in 1929.
De: Guillermo Rojas Carrasco (1930): Liceo de Hombres Copiapó
Foto grande
Info Chañarcillo :1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | FFCC | Geología | Carta | Domeyko
- - -Introduction to mining history 1830 - 1920
School and education
between 1830 and 1920 :
The society of the time understood that the key to all progress
is education and the most important aspect is access to education for
everyone. This includes school education and professional education:
During this period, there have been some fundamental
changes in the education system. Large sections of the population used
to be excluded from adequate education. The new education system reaches
all social classes. This new education system removes the old
"father-son" vocational training, and public schools or vocational
schools are formed.
We should also mention that the early entry into
working life, i. e., child labor, had not made it possible for young
people to receive an education;
Friedrich Engels wrote:
"Church and school are attended by very few, and the
teachers complain of great drowsiness and dullness in all their
curiosity for learning "
(Engels, 1844)
List of mining schools in the world by order of their foundation:
List of mining schools and their founding year | |
founding year | Place, country |
1765 | Freiberg (Germany) |
1770 | Schmnitz (Hungria) |
1775 | Mining school of Clausthal, Harz (Germany) |
1776 | St. Petersburg (Russia) |
1777 | Academia de Minería, Almadén (Spain) |
1778 | París (Francia) |
1798 | Mining school of Eisleben (Germany) |
1818 | Mining school of Bochum, Germany (hoy: Georg Agricola) |
1838 | Bergschule (Mining school) Waldenburg, Polonia |
1840 | Montanlehranstalt, Leoben (Austria) |
1851 | London School of Mines (England) |
1857 | Escuela de Minas de Copiapó (Chile) |
1874 | Colorado School of Mines (U.S.A.) |
1876 | Escuela de Minas Ouro Preto (Brazil) |
1876 | Escuela de Ingeniería y Minas, Lima (Perú) |
1887 | Escuela de Minas La Serena (Chile) |
1888 | Camborne School of Mines (Cornwall, England) |
1889 | Montana Tech (U.S.A) |
1896 | South African School of Mines, Kimberley (South Africa) |
W.Griem / www.geovirtual2.cl |
In this way, the
"Escuela de Minas" was founded in Copiapó, the Copiapo mining
school. In
Chañarcillo
the "ESCUELA PRACTICA DE EXPLOTACIÓN Y MENSURA DE MINAS" was
opened in 1875.
The companies quickly realized that efficient mining was only
possible with trained and professional miners. The high production rate,
which the companies could only achieve through strong mechanization,
could only be achieved with skilled personnel.
The curriculum of the
old mining school in Chañarcillo is exciting. In two years, the students
learned about mathematics, topography, geometry, geology, mineralogy,
ventilation, and accounting. The curriculum of the school practices
exploitation and measurement in mines (Escuela de Minas, location
Chañarcillo) of Chañarcillo in summary: 1st year: Arithmetic and
accounting of mines geometry applicable to graphic mapping mine
excavations Compass and its uses mine ventilation, physics to pumps and
steam engines. Practical study of copper, silver, and gold tests. 2nd
year: equations and logarithms. Resolution of right triangles
three-dimensional geometry Analytical mine mapping and analytical
resolution of measurement problems. Study of tripod instruments. Mining
of mines Mechanical preparation of minerals Applied geology explanations
Mineralogy of metals mined in Chile and its main breeding grounds.
Curriculum of the Mine school in district of Chañarcillo in summary:
1º year:
- Arithmetic and mine accounting
- Geometry applicable to the graphic drawing of planes
- Excavations of mines
- Compass and its uses
- Ventilation of mines, physics to pumps and steam engines.
- Practical study of copper, silver and gold tests.
2º year:
- equations and logarithms. Resolution of right triangles
- Three dimensional geometry
- Analytical mine mapping and analytical resolution of
measurement problems.
- Study of tripod instruments.
- Mine operation
- Mechanical preparation of minerals
- Applied geology explanations
- Mineralogy of metals mined in Chile and its main deposits
Biology class in 1929 at Copiapó
Foto grande
De: Guillermo Rojas Carrasco (1930): Liceo de Hombres Copiapó
Literature and Links
List of books
Literatura:
PHILIPPI, RUDOLPH AMANDUS (1860): REISE DURCH DIE WUESTE ATACAMA AUF BEFEHL
DER CHILENISCHEN REGIERUNG IM SOMER 1853-54 UNTERNOMMEN UND BESCHRIEBEN.
VON DR... NEBST EINER KARTE UND XXVII TAFELN HALLE Eduard Anton 1860
Sources:
Historia del Partido Socialdemócrata en Alemania (en alemán)
http://www.dh-museum.com/lemo/html/kaiserreich/innenpolitik/spd2
SIMONIN, L. (1867): La vie Soutterraine ou les mines et les mineurs. - Paris,
Libraire de L. Hachette et G.
Mining Atacama
History of Atacama
History of mining 1830-1920
Intro
epoch 1830-1920
Technical innovations
Scientific innovations
Social conscience
●
Educational impulse
Mine safety
Globalization
Records of the period::
Gilliss: Apires
and barreteros
Work conditions of miners
Los Mineros (Tornero 1872)
Apires y barreteros - Tornero
General Geology:
History of Geosciences
Mining
Historical sketches mining
Chapter "History of
Geology"
Historia de las geociencias
Mining history of Atacama
Mining
from 1830 to 1920
List of minig districts of Atacama
Mining in Atacama
Chañarcillo
Tres Puntas
Carrizal Alto
Cerro Blanco
Lomas Bayas
Cabeza de Vaca
Visitors and
scientists
List of visitors
R.A. Philippi in Atacama
Paul Treutler
in Atacama
Charles Darwin, Atacama (1835)
Ignacio Domeyko y Copiapó
Kunz en Copiapó
Hugo Kunz en Chañarcillo
Gilliss Mineros en Chañarcillo
Additional
information
Timeline Atacama
Mining history of Atacama
The railroad history of Atacama
Cartas y Mapas de Atacama
Cartas históricas de Atacama
Listado de personajes de Atacama
Others
The railroad history of Atacama
History
of Atacama
Mining history of Atacama
Geología Atacama
Climate of the Atacama Region
Virtual viewpoint Atacama
Literature and links:
List of bibliography:
Here
Bibliographical reference
●
SIMONIN, L. (1869): Underground
life, Mines y Miners. - 522 páginas, Translated by H.W. Bristol; London;
Chapman & Hall; 1869. (Collection W. Griem) -
see page with more links
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